Forex Glossary

Comprehensive dictionary of forex trading terms. Search and learn all the jargon used in currency trading.

Found 67 terms

Ask Price

The price at which you can buy a currency pair. Also called the 'offer' price.

Bid Price

The price at which you can sell a currency pair.

Spread

The difference between the bid and ask price. This is how brokers make money.

Pip

Percentage In Point - the smallest price movement in forex. Usually 0.0001 for most pairs.

Lot

Standard unit of currency traded. Standard lot = 100,000 units of base currency.

Leverage

Borrowed capital to increase trading position size. Example: 1:100 means $1 controls $100.

Margin

Collateral required to open and maintain a leveraged position.

Margin Call

Broker's demand for additional funds when account equity falls below margin requirement.

Long Position

Buying a currency pair, expecting it to rise in value.

Short Position

Selling a currency pair, expecting it to fall in value.

Base Currency

The first currency in a pair. In EUR/USD, EUR is the base currency.

Quote Currency

The second currency in a pair. In EUR/USD, USD is the quote currency.

Major Pairs

Currency pairs that include USD and are most liquid (EUR/USD, GBP/USD, USD/JPY).

Minor Pairs

Currency pairs that don't include USD (EUR/GBP, EUR/JPY).

Exotic Pairs

Pairs with one major currency and one from emerging economy (USD/ZAR, USD/TRY).

Stop Loss

Order to automatically close a position at a specific price to limit losses.

Take Profit

Order to automatically close a position at a specific price to lock in profits.

Market Order

Order to buy or sell immediately at current market price.

Limit Order

Order to buy or sell at a specific price or better.

Pending Order

Order placed to execute when price reaches a specified level.

Buy Limit

Pending order to buy at a price below current market price.

Sell Limit

Pending order to sell at a price above current market price.

Buy Stop

Pending order to buy at a price above current market price (breakout order).

Sell Stop

Pending order to sell at a price below current market price (breakdown order).

Slippage

Difference between expected price and actual execution price.

Liquidity

Ease of buying/selling without affecting price. High liquidity = tight spreads.

Volatility

Measure of price fluctuations. High volatility = larger price swings.

Trend

General direction of price movement. Can be uptrend, downtrend, or sideways.

Support

Price level where buying pressure is strong enough to prevent further decline.

Resistance

Price level where selling pressure is strong enough to prevent further rise.

Breakout

When price moves beyond a support or resistance level.

Candlestick

Chart element showing open, high, low, and close prices for a time period.

Bullish

Market sentiment expecting prices to rise.

Bearish

Market sentiment expecting prices to fall.

Carry Trade

Strategy of buying high-interest currency and selling low-interest currency.

Central Bank

Institution that manages a country's monetary policy (Fed, ECB, BoE).

Interest Rate

Cost of borrowing money. Higher rates attract foreign investment.

GDP

Gross Domestic Product - total economic output of a country.

CPI

Consumer Price Index - measures inflation by tracking price changes.

NFP

Non-Farm Payrolls - US employment data released monthly, highly influential.

FOMC

Federal Open Market Committee - sets US interest rates.

ECB

European Central Bank - manages monetary policy for Eurozone.

BoE

Bank of England - UK's central bank.

BoJ

Bank of Japan - Japan's central bank.

Scalping

Trading strategy making many quick trades to capture small price movements.

Day Trading

Opening and closing positions within the same trading day.

Swing Trading

Holding positions for days to weeks to capture medium-term moves.

Position Trading

Long-term trading holding positions for weeks to months.

Risk/Reward Ratio

Comparison of potential profit to potential loss. Example: 2:1 means $2 profit for $1 risk.

Drawdown

Peak-to-trough decline in account value during losing period.

Equity

Current account value including open positions' unrealized P&L.

Balance

Total funds in account excluding unrealized P&L from open positions.

Free Margin

Available margin for opening new positions (Equity - Margin Used).

Margin Level

Ratio of equity to margin used. Lower = higher risk of margin call.

Expert Advisor (EA)

Automated trading program that executes trades based on algorithms.

Backtesting

Testing trading strategy on historical data to evaluate performance.

Demo Account

Practice account with virtual money to learn trading without risk.

Live Account

Real trading account with actual money.

Lot Size

Volume of currency traded. Standard = 1.0, Mini = 0.1, Micro = 0.01.

Point

Smallest price change. For most pairs = 0.00001 (5th decimal).

Swap

Interest paid or earned for holding positions overnight.

Rollover

Process of extending settlement date for open positions (involves swap).

Gap

Price jump between closing and opening prices, common after weekends.

Correlation

Relationship between two currency pairs moving together or opposite.

Divergence

When price and indicator move in opposite directions, potential reversal signal.

Overbought

Condition when price has risen too much, potential reversal down.

Oversold

Condition when price has fallen too much, potential reversal up.

Quick Reference

Trading Basics

Pip, Lot, Spread, Bid, Ask, Long, Short

Orders

Market Order, Limit Order, Stop Loss, Take Profit

Risk Management

Leverage, Margin, Drawdown, Risk/Reward

Analysis

Support, Resistance, Trend, Breakout, Volatility